Opinion
108261 109881
11-21-2018
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Adam J. MATTESON, Appellant.
Lisa A. Burgess, Indian Lake, for appellant. Andrew J. Wylie, District Attorney, Plattsburgh (Jeffrey C. Kehm of counsel), for respondent.
Lisa A. Burgess, Indian Lake, for appellant.
Andrew J. Wylie, District Attorney, Plattsburgh (Jeffrey C. Kehm of counsel), for respondent.
Before: McCarthy, J.P., Devine, Mulvey, Rumsey and Pritzker, JJ.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
McCarthy, J.P.
Appeals (1) from a judgment of the Supreme Court (Lawliss, J.), rendered January 25, 2016 in Clinton County, convicting defendant upon his plea of guilty of the crimes of strangulation in the second degree, aggravated family offense in the second degree and assault in the third degree, and (2) by permission, from an order of said court, entered November 22, 2017 in Clinton County, which denied defendant's motion pursuant to CPL 440.10 to vacate the judgment of conviction, without a hearing.
On September 29, 2014, defendant was charged by felony complaint with several crimes arising from an incident the previous day in which he attacked his former girlfriend. The matter remained pending in Plattsburgh Town Court until March 2015, at which point it was removed to Supreme Court. In July 2015, an indictment was handed up charging defendant with crimes related to the September 2014 incident. On August 3, 2015, defendant was arraigned on the indictment and the People announced readiness for trial. Defendant later pleaded guilty to the crimes of strangulation in the second degree, aggravated family offense in the second degree and assault in the third degree. Supreme Court sentenced him, as a second felony offender, to concurrent terms of imprisonment with an aggregate maximum of seven years, plus five years of postrelease supervision. Defendant subsequently moved to vacate his judgment of conviction, arguing that his counsel was ineffective for failing to raise a statutory speedy trial claim (see CPL 440.10[1][h] ). Supreme Court denied the motion, without a hearing. Defendant appeals from the judgment of conviction and, by permission, from the order denying his CPL 440.10 motion.
Supreme Court erred in denying defendant's CPL 440.10 motion without a hearing. Defendant argued that he was deprived of effective assistance because his counsel failed to move to dismiss the indictment based on a violation of his statutory speedy trial rights. Failure to make a meritorious speedy trial motion, which would result in dismissal of the indictment, is sufficiently egregious to amount to ineffective assistance (see People v. Devino, 110 A.D.3d 1146, 1147, 973 N.Y.S.2d 372 [2013] ; People v. St. Louis, 41 A.D.3d 897, 898, 838 N.Y.S.2d 215 [2007] ; People v. Garcia, 33 A.D.3d 1050, 1052, 822 N.Y.S.2d 322 [2006], lv denied 9 N.Y.3d 844, 840 N.Y.S.2d 770, 872 N.E.2d 883 [2007] ). There is ordinarily no strategic reason for counsel to fail to make a dispositive motion that would result in dismissal of the charges with prejudice, so long as it is shown that the motion would have been successful (see People v. Johnson, 296 A.D.2d 594, 594, 744 N.Y.S.2d 580 [2002], lv denied 99 N.Y.2d 537, 752 N.Y.S.2d 597, 782 N.E.2d 575 [2002] ; People v. O'Connell, 133 A.D.2d 970, 971, 521 N.Y.S.2d 121 [1987] ; compare People v. Fay, 154 A.D.3d 1178, 1181, 63 N.Y.S.3d 575 [2017], lv denied 30 N.Y.3d 1115, 77 N.Y.S.3d 340, 101 N.E.3d 981 [2018] ).
Defendant's motion papers showed, and the People agreed, that there was a delay of 308 days between commencement of the criminal action on September 29, 2014 and the People's declaration of readiness on August 3, 2015. As defendant only conceded that 28 of those days were excludable, the burden on a speedy trial motion would shift to the People to establish that other periods should be excluded (see People v. Barden, 27 N.Y.3d 550, 553, 36 N.Y.S.3d 80, 55 N.E.3d 1053 [2016] ). "Generally, the burden is on the People to establish their entitlement to exclude any prereadiness delays from the calculation under a CPL 30.30 motion" ( People v. Robinson, 67 A.D.3d 1042, 1044, 888 N.Y.S.2d 280 [2009], lv denied 13 N.Y.3d 910, 895 N.Y.S.2d 324, 922 N.E.2d 913 [2009] ; see People v. Miller, 113 A.D.3d 885, 887, 978 N.Y.S.2d 412 [2014] ; People v. Pope, 96 A.D.3d 1231, 1232, 947 N.Y.S.2d 634 [2012], lv denied 20 N.Y.3d 1064, 962 N.Y.S.2d 615, 985 N.E.2d 925 [2013] ), "with no burden being placed on the defendant" ( People v. Barden, 27 N.Y.3d at 556, 36 N.Y.S.3d 80, 55 N.E.3d 1053 ). The People submitted affirmations and an affidavit from the Assistant District Attorneys who had represented the People at appearances in Town Court, along with their abbreviated file notes from those appearances, asserting that defense counsel requested or consented to numerous adjournments. The prosecutors' averments were based upon information and belief, with the source of that information being the People's file. According to the People, exclusion of those time periods consented to by defendant would reduce the unexcused delay to less than six months, such that defendant's speedy trial rights were not violated (see CPL 30.30[1][a] ; [4][b] ). Defendant's reply disputed the propriety of the suggested exclusions.
Under the speedy trial statute, a court can exclude any "period of delay resulting from a continuance granted by the court at the request of, or with the consent of, the defendant or his [or her] counsel" ( CPL 30.30[4][b] ; see People v. Barden, 27 N.Y.3d at 553, 36 N.Y.S.3d 80, 55 N.E.3d 1053 ; People v. Worley, 66 N.Y.2d 523, 527, 498 N.Y.S.2d 116, 488 N.E.2d 1228 [1985] ). The Court of Appeals has clarified that " [a]djournments consented to by the defense must be clearly expressed to relieve the People of the responsibility for that portion of the delay. Defense counsel's failure to object to the adjournment or failure to appear does not constitute consent" ( People v. Smith, 82 N.Y.2d 676, 678, 601 N.Y.S.2d 466, 619 N.E.2d 403 [1993] ; accord People v. Barden, 27 N.Y.3d at 553, 36 N.Y.S.3d 80, 55 N.E.3d 1053 ). A court may not deny a motion to dismiss for a statutory speedy trial violation "without a hearing unless ‘[a]n allegation of fact essential to support the motion is conclusively refuted by unquestionable proof’ " ( People v. Reid, 102 A.D.2d 835, 836, 476 N.Y.S.2d 372 [1984], quoting CPL 210.45[5][c] ). " Of course, only those periods for which the People have not provided ‘unquestionable documentary proof’ — for example, a transcript or letter evidencing defendant's consent — need be addressed at any hearing" ( People v. Allard, 28 N.Y.3d 41, 46 n., 41 N.Y.S.3d 196, 63 N.E.3d 1140 [2016], quoting CPL 210.45[5][c] ). At least one court has held that "calendar and file jacket notations" do not constitute unquestionable proof to meet the People's "burden of demonstrating sufficient excludable time" ( People v. Jackson, 225 A.D.2d 794, 795, 639 N.Y.S.2d 941 [1996] ). That conclusion is reasonable because such notations represent simply one person's interpretation of the proceedings. Because the People provided some evidence of, but did not conclusively establish, their entitlement to success on a statutory speedy trial motion, and that issue would be dispositive on defendant's CPL 440.10 motion, a hearing was necessary to determine whether defense counsel actually requested or consented to any or all of the numerous adjournments as alleged by the People (see People v. Rousaw, 151 A.D.3d 1179, 1180, 56 N.Y.S.3d 606 [2017] ). Accordingly, we reverse the order and remit for Supreme Court to hold a hearing on the motion. As defendant did not make any arguments challenging the judgment of conviction itself, we affirm that judgment.
Devine, Mulvey, Rumsey and Pritzker, JJ., concur.
ORDERED that the judgment is affirmed.
ORDERED that the order is reversed, on the law, and matter remitted to the Supreme Court for further proceedings not inconsistent with this Court's decision.