Opinion
November 28, 1988
Appeal from the Supreme Court, Queens County (Clabby, J.).
Ordered that the judgment is affirmed.
The record establishes that trying the defendant in absentia did not constitute an abuse of discretion (People v. Parker, 57 N.Y.2d 136). The defendant waived his right to be present at trial by failing, after its commencement and following a warning that trial would proceed without him, to return to court until 1 1/2 years after issuance of a bench warrant (see, People v. Sanchez, 65 N.Y.2d 436; People v. Parker, supra).
While we agree that the trial court improperly commented on the defendant's failure to testify, the error was harmless in light of the overwhelming proof of guilt and because the trial was conducted without a jury (cf., People v. Brown, 24 N.Y.2d 168; People v. Scott, 138 A.D.2d 421, lv denied 72 N.Y.2d 866).
The trial court did not abrogate its responsibility to consider the evidence before rendering its verdict (see, CPL 320.20 [d]). We perceive no defect simply because the court rendered its guilty verdict immediately after conclusion of the summations. The entire trial, although spread over four days, was relatively short and the single issue of credibility was a straightforward one. The defendant's contention that the trial court improperly altered the order of proof is not preserved for our review, and, in any event, is without merit (cf., People v. Washington, 71 N.Y.2d 916; People v. Ferrone, 204 N.Y. 551). Finally, the record does not establish that the defendant was denied the effective assistance of counsel (see, People v. Baldi, 54 N.Y.2d 137). Mangano, J.P., Brown, Kooper and Harwood, JJ., concur.