Opinion
2017–04106 Index No. 28631/10
05-23-2018
Stephanie O. MIRON, et al., plaintiffs, v. Valerie C. PAPPAS, et al., appellants, Arlene S. Gould, et al., respondents.
Wilson Elser Moskowitz Edelman & Dicker LLP, New York, N.Y. (Patrick J. Lawless, Eugene T. Boule, and Tracy A. Kinneary of counsel), for appellants. Mazzara & Small, P.C., Bohemia, N.Y. (Angela P. Pensabene and Timothy Mazzara of counsel), for respondents.
Wilson Elser Moskowitz Edelman & Dicker LLP, New York, N.Y. (Patrick J. Lawless, Eugene T. Boule, and Tracy A. Kinneary of counsel), for appellants.
Mazzara & Small, P.C., Bohemia, N.Y. (Angela P. Pensabene and Timothy Mazzara of counsel), for respondents.
REINALDO E. RIVERA, J.P., ROBERT J. MILLER, SYLVIA O. HINDS–RADIX, JOSEPH J. MALTESE, JJ.
DECISION & ORDER
In an action to recover damages for personal injuries, the defendants Valerie C. Pappas, Peter A. Pappas, and Pappas Industrial Parks, LLC, appeal from an order of the Supreme Court, Suffolk County (Arthur Pitts, J.), dated January 25, 2017. The order granted the motion of the defendants Arlene S. Gould and Wainscott Farms, Inc., for summary judgment dismissing the complaint and all cross claims insofar as asserted against them.
ORDERED that the appeal from so much of the order as granted that branch of the motion of the defendants Arlene S. Gould and Wainscott Farms, Inc., which was for summary judgment dismissing the complaint insofar as asserted against them is dismissed, as the defendants Valerie C. Pappas, Peter A. Pappas, and Pappas Industrial Parks, LLC, are not aggrieved by that portion of the order (see CPLR 5511 ; Mixon v. TBV, Inc., 76 A.D.3d 144, 156, 904 N.Y.S.2d 132 ); and it is further,
ORDERED that the order is reversed insofar as reviewed, on the law, and that branch of the motion of the defendants Arlene S. Gould and Wainscott Farms, Inc., which was for summary judgment dismissing the cross claims of the defendants Valerie C. Pappas, Peter A. Pappas, and Pappas Industrial Parks, LLC, against them is denied; and it is further,
ORDERED that one bill of costs is awarded to the appellants.
In September 2007, the plaintiff Stephanie O. Miron (hereinafter the injured plaintiff) was a front-seat passenger in a vehicle operated by the defendant Valerie C. Pappas (hereinafter the Pappas vehicle). At the intersection of Church Street and Dayton Lane in East Hampton, the Pappas vehicle collided with a vehicle operated by the defendant Arlene S. Gould, which was owned by her employer, the defendant Wainscott Farms, Inc. (hereinafter together the Gould defendants). The Pappas vehicle allegedly was owned by the defendants Peter Pappas and Pappas Industrial Parks, LLC (hereinafter, with the defendant Valerie C. Pappas, collectively the Pappas defendants). At the time of the accident, Valerie C. Pappas was traveling east on Dayton Lane, which was governed by a stop sign at its intersection with Church Street. Gould was traveling south on Church Street, which was not governed by a stop sign at that intersection.
The injured plaintiff, and her husband suing derivatively, subsequently commenced this action against the Gould defendants and the Pappas defendants to recover damages for personal injuries. After joinder of issue, the Gould defendants moved for summary judgment dismissing the complaint and all cross claims insofar as asserted against them on the grounds that Valerie C. Pappas violated Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1142(a) and there was no negligence on the part of Gould in the happening of the accident. The Pappas defendants opposed the motion, while the plaintiffs did not. The Supreme Court granted the motion, and the Pappas defendants appeal.
"A defendant moving for summary judgment in a negligence action has the burden of establishing, prima facie, that he or she was not at fault in the happening of the subject accident" ( Boulos v. Lerner–Harrington, 124 A.D.3d 709, 709, 2 N.Y.S.3d 526 ; see Aponte v. Vani, 155 A.D.3d 929, 64 N.Y.S.3d 123 ; Baulete v. L & N Car Serv., Inc. , 134 A.D.3d 753, 754, 22 N.Y.S.3d 86 ). " ‘There can be more than one proximate cause of an accident’ " ( Lopez v. Reyes–Flores, 52 A.D.3d 785, 786, 861 N.Y.S.2d 389, quoting Cox v. Nunez, 23 A.D.3d 427, 427, 805 N.Y.S.2d 604 ), and "[g]enerally, it is for the trier of fact to determine the issue of proximate cause" ( Kalland v. Hungry Harbor Assoc., LLC, 84 A.D.3d 889, 889, 922 N.Y.S.2d 550 ; see Howard v. Poseidon Pools, 72 N.Y.2d 972, 974, 534 N.Y.S.2d 360, 530 N.E.2d 1280 ).
While the driver with the right-of-way is entitled to assume that other drivers will obey the traffic laws requiring them to yield (see McPherson v. Chanzeb, 123 A.D.3d 1098, 1099, 999 N.Y.S.2d 521 ; Rodriguez v. Klein, 116 A.D.3d 939, 983 N.Y.S.2d 851 ), the driver with the right-of-way also has an obligation to keep a proper lookout and see what can be seen through the reasonable use of his or her senses to avoid colliding with other vehicles (see Romero v. Brathwaite, 154 A.D.3d 894, 62 N.Y.S.3d 170 ; Twizer v. Lavi, 140 A.D.3d 736, 33 N.Y.S.3d 351 ; Mu–Jin Chen v. Cardenia, 138 A.D.3d at 1129, 31 N.Y.S.3d 134 ; Arias v. Tiao, 123 A.D.3d 857, 858, 1 N.Y.S.3d 133 ; Bennett v. Granata, 118 A.D.3d 652, 653, 987 N.Y.S.2d 424 ; Regans v. Baratta, 106 A.D.3d 893, 965 N.Y.S.2d 171 ; Todd v. Godek, 71 A.D.3d 872, 895 N.Y.S.2d 861 ).
The Gould defendants failed to establish their prima facie entitlement to judgment as a matter of law dismissing the cross claims asserted against them. While they submitted evidence that the Pappas vehicle failed to yield the right-of-way to their vehicle, in violation of Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1142(a), the submissions in support of their motion failed to establish the Gould defendants' freedom from fault and that the Pappas vehicle's failure to yield the right-of-way was the sole proximate cause of the accident (see Gezelter v. Pecora, 129 A.D.3d 1021, 1023, 13 N.Y.S.3d 141 ). Based on their submissions, which included the deposition transcripts of the respective parties, the Gould defendants failed to eliminate all triable issues of fact as to whether Gould took reasonable care to avoid the collision (see id. at 1023, 13 N.Y.S.3d 141 ; Cox v. Nunez, 23 A.D.3d at 428, 805 N.Y.S.2d 604 ).
Since the Gould defendants failed to meet their prima facie burden of establishing that the cross claims asserted against them by the Pappas defendants should be dismissed, the Supreme Court should have denied that branch of the Gould defendants' motion without regard to the sufficiency of the Pappas defendants' opposition papers (see Winegrad v. New York Univ. Med. Ctr., 64 N.Y.2d 851, 853, 487 N.Y.S.2d 316, 476 N.E.2d 642 ).
RIVERA, J.P., MILLER, HINDS–RADIX and MALTESE, JJ., concur.