Opinion
October 4, 1982
In a negligence action to recover damages for personal injuries, etc., in which defendants third-party plaintiffs commenced a third-party action for indemnity or contribution, third-party defendant Remodeling Consultants, Inc., appeals from an order of the Supreme Court, Westchester County (Burchell, J.), dated July 29, 1981, which granted defendants third-party plaintiffs' motion for summary judgment in the third-party action. Order reversed, with $50 costs and disbursements, and motion for summary judgment denied. The order granting summary judgment in the third-party action is premature. A claim for indemnity is based on a contract, either express or implied. While a conditional judgment may be entered where indemnification is based upon an express contract to indemnify against loss (see McCabe v. Queensboro Farm Prods., 22 N.Y.2d 204; 755 Seventh Ave. Corp. v. Carroll, 266 N.Y. 157; 125 West 45th St. Rest. Corp. v Framax Realty Corp., 249 App. Div. 589), where the claim is based on an implied contract, as is the present case, the law is that the claim for indemnity does not arise until the prime obligation has been established. Stated otherwise, a party seeking indemnity must be held liable to the plaintiff before he can recover over from a third party (see Corbetta Constr. Co. v. Driscoll Co., 17 A.D.2d 176, 180; Tokio Mar. Fire Ins. Co. v. McDonnell Douglas Corp., 465 F. Supp. 790, affd 617 F.2d 936; Rieger v. Frankstram Realties, 68 N.Y.S.2d 243; cf. Tarantola v. Williams, 48 A.D.2d 552, 555 [a third-party plaintiff's rights to indemnification, contribution and apportionment of liability are not affirmative claims against the impleaded tortfeasor; they have no existence independent of the plaintiff's claim]). Accordingly, until the defendants third-party plaintiffs are cast in liability, they are not entitled to judgment against the third-party defendant. Thompson, J.P., Bracken, Rubin and Boyers, JJ., concur.