Opinion
2020-197 N C
03-18-2021
Kenneth LEAHY, Appellant, v. The BARCHI REALTY GROUP, LLC, Also Known as Barchi Realty Group, LLC, Respondent.
Kenneth Leahy, appellant pro se. Jacobson & Schwartz, LLP ( Henry J. Cernitz of counsel), for respondent.
Kenneth Leahy, appellant pro se.
Jacobson & Schwartz, LLP ( Henry J. Cernitz of counsel), for respondent.
PRESENT: JERRY GARGUILO, J.P., ELIZABETH H. EMERSON, HELEN VOUTSINAS, JJ.
ORDERED that the judgment is affirmed, without costs.
Plaintiff commenced this small claims action against defendant, his landlord, to recover for damage caused by a limb of a tree on defendant's property, which limb fell onto plaintiff's parked vehicle. At a nonjury trial, plaintiff offered photographs taken shortly after the incident to support his position that the limb had fallen from a tree which had been in a distressed or diseased condition prior to that time. Defendant's owner testified that he had never seen decay on the tree in question, never noticed anything that would lead him to believe that there was a problem with that tree, and was never told that there was a problem with the trees on his property. Following the trial, the District Court dismissed the action.
In a small claims action, our review is limited to a determination of whether "substantial justice has ... been done between the parties according to the rules and principles of substantive law" ( UDCA 1807 ; see UDCA 1804 ; Ross v Friedman , 269 AD2d 584 [2000] ; Williams v Roper , 269 AD2d 125, 126 [2000] ).
To establish defendant's liability for the damage, plaintiff bore the burden of demonstrating that a defective condition existed and that defendant had affirmatively created the condition, or had actual or constructive notice of its existence ( see Skalafuris v Arpadi , 43 Misc 3d 128[A], 2014 NY Slip Op 50484[U] [App Term, 2d Dept, 9th & 10th Jud Dists 2014]). Plaintiff does not allege that defendant had created the condition, and there was no evidence presented at trial that plaintiff had given written notice about the condition of the tree at issue or even any of the other trees on the premises. "Constructive notice that a tree or limb is dangerous may be based upon signs of decay or other defects that are readily observable by someone on the ground or that a reasonable inspection would have revealed" ( Babcock v County of Albany , 85 AD3d 1425, 1426 [2011] ; see Ivancic v Olmstead , 66 NY2d 349, 351 [1985] ). "There is no duty to consistently and constantly check for non-visible decay" ( Russo v Jay , 66 Misc 3d 141[A], 2020 NY Slip Op 50157[U],*2 [App Term, 2d Dept, 9th & 10th Jud Dists 2020]). There was no expert testimony offered at trial to establish why the limb had fallen. The testimony which was offered and plaintiff's photographs were insufficient to show that an observable defective condition had existed prior the incident.
In view of the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the District Court's determination rendered substantial justice between the parties ( see UDCA 1804, 1807 ).
Accordingly, the judgment is affirmed.
GARGUILO, J.P., EMERSON and VOUTSINAS, JJ., concur.