Opinion
Bankruptcy No. 84-01165-BKC-TCB. Adv. No. 84-0546-BKC-TCB-A.
November 7, 1984.
Charles F. Atwood III, Law Offices of Charles F. Atwood III, Miami, Fla., for plaintiff.
Charles W.M. Stone, Fort Pierce, Fla., for debtor.
MEMORANDUM DECISION
Plaintiff seeks a determination that its judgment claim against the debtor is excepted from discharge under 11 U.S.C. § 523(a)(6). The debtor appeared and answered at the commencement of the trial held on October 30. The answer is a general denial of all allegations.
The complaint alleges and the plaintiff has proved that it holds a judgment entered by the state court on April 20, 1983 in the amount of $26,993. The judgment was also in favor of a third party and his wife as intervenors in the amount of $225,030, but these individuals are not before this court. The judgment, which was entered against the debtor upon default for failure to plead, does not disclose the nature of the cause of action, nor is there anything else in the record before me identifying the nature of the judgment debt or the predicate for the damages recovered in the judgment, other than the allegations in the complaint.
The complaint alleges that the basis for the judgment:
"was the wilful and wanton reckless operation of a motor vehicle by Defendant in such fashion so as to cause it to strike the Plaintiff's Insured's child, who was riding a bicycle at the time, and the further basis of said suit and Judgment being the wilful, wanton and deliberate actions of the Defendant in immediately leaving the scene of the accident and in failing to render aid to the child, all in direct violation of Florida Statutes. As a result of said conduct of the Defendant, the child died."
Plaintiff has also proved that on December 10, 1981 the debtor pleaded guilty to the Florida felony defined under § 316.027(1) and (2), Florida Statutes:
"(1) The driver of any vehicle involved in an accident resulting in injury or death of any person shall immediately stop such vehicle at the scene of the accident, or as close thereto as possible, and shall forthwith return to, and in every event shall remain at the scene of, the accident until he has fulfilled the requirements of § 316.062.
(2) Any person willfully failing to stop or to comply with the requirements of subsection (1) under such circumstances is guilty of a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in § 775.082, § 775.083, or § 775.084."
The debtor, who was the only witness, testified that on a dark rainy evening, while he was driving his car, he felt something hit his car, but kept going until he was stopped by a flat tire one-half mile down the road. While changing the tire, he saw his car had been damaged. The next night he learned that a bicycle and rider had been injured and, with his attorney, he surrendered himself to the sheriff. He served a ten-month prison sentence for the criminal charge or charges. He was aware of the civil action in question here but felt that he could do nothing to defend the suit and, therefore, did nothing. He never intended to hit anyone, was not aware that he had done so, and, therefore, he denies that he intentionally intended to leave the scene of an accident involving any personal injury.
Section 523(a)(6) excepts from discharge debts:
"for willful and malicious injury by the debtor to another entity or to the property of another entity".
The exception requires proof that the debt is for a deliberate or intentional injury caused without justification or excuse. Collier on Bankruptcy ¶ 523.16 (15th ed.). The present Code, which is controlling here, abandoned the looser standard previously recognized under § 17a of the former Act. Id. nn. 17 and 20a; In re Held, 734 F.2d 628, 629 (11th Cir. 1984).
I find that by pleading guilty to the Florida statutory felony identified above, the debtor has admitted that he "willfully failed to stop" under the circumstances specified by the statute. I am prepared to find also that the damages sustained by the plaintiff resulted from the collision of the debtor's car with the plaintiff's insured. However, there is no evidence before me which warrants a finding that any part or all of plaintiff's damages resulted from the debtor's willful failure to stop.
It is neither alleged nor contended by plaintiff that the automobile collision constituted a willful and malicious injury and, clearly, the record before me does not support such a conclusion.
It is plaintiff's burden to prove that it is entitled to except its claim from discharge. It has failed to do so.
As is required by B.R. 9021(a), a separate judgment will be entered dismissing this complaint with prejudice.