Opinion
06-30-2017
In the Matter of Jane F. NIETHE, as Parent and Natural Guardian for Leave to Change Minors' Names to Dominic Robert McCarthy and Dillan Leonard McCarthy, Petitioner–Respondent; Daniel W. Deperno, Respondent–Appellant.
Daniel W. Deperno, Respondent–Appellant Pro Se. Lipsitz Green Scime Cambria LLP, Buffalo (Erin E. McCampbell of Counsel), for Petitioner–Respondent.
Daniel W. Deperno, Respondent–Appellant Pro Se.
Lipsitz Green Scime Cambria LLP, Buffalo (Erin E. McCampbell of Counsel), for Petitioner–Respondent.
PRESENT: WHALEN, P.J., LINDLEY, CURRAN, AND SCUDDER, JJ.
MEMORANDUM:
Petitioner commenced this proceeding seeking an order permitting her two sons to change their surname from respondent's surname to her maiden surname. In 2001, respondent, who is the sons' father, pleaded guilty to three felony sex offenses in satisfaction of, among other things, a 31–count indictment ( People v. DePerno, 92 A.D.3d 1089, 937 N.Y.S.2d 765 ). The incident garnered significant media attention because respondent was, at the time, a tenured college professor and the victim of the sexual abuse was only 14 years old when the abuse began.
Petitioner feared that her sons, who are now old enough to understand the nature of respondent's crimes, would be "humiliated, stigmatized and ridiculed" as a result of respondent's background. Petitioner further contended that the sons "have strongly negative feelings" about respondent and no longer wish to bear his surname. Respondent opposed the petition, challenging many of the contentions made by petitioner concerning his past conduct and his relationship with his sons. We conclude that Supreme Court erred in summarily granting the petition.
" Civil Rights Law § 63 authorizes an infant's name change if there is no reasonable objection to the proposed name, and the interests of the infant will be substantially promoted by the change" ( Matter of Eberhardt, 83 A.D.3d 116, 121, 920 N.Y.S.2d 216 ). With respect to infants, the statute provides in relevant part, that, if the court is "satisfied ... that the petition is true, ... that there is no reasonable objection to the change of name proposed, and ... that the interests of the infant will be substantially promoted by the change," the court may grant the petition ( § 63 ). With respect to the interests of the infant, "the issue is not whether it is in the infant's best interests to have the surname of the mother or father, but whether the interests of the infant will be promoted substantially by changing his [or her] surname" ( Swank v. Petkovsek, 216 A.D.2d 920, 920, 629 N.Y.S.2d 129 ). Such a determination "requires a court to consider the totality of the circumstances" ( Eberhardt, 83 A.D.3d at 123, 920 N.Y.S.2d 216 ).
Contrary to petitioner's contention, respondent raised reasonable objections to the petition (cf. id. at 121–122, 920 N.Y.S.2d 216 ). Petitioner is seeking to change the sons' names to a surname that is not used by either parent or the sons' half-sibling (cf. id. at 117, 920 N.Y.S.2d 216 ). While "neither parent has a superior right to determine the surname of the child," we have stated that "a father has a recognized interest in having his child bear his surname" (Matter of Cohan v. Cunningham, 104 A.D.2d 716, 716, 480 N.Y.S.2d 656 ). Respondent also contends that an order granting the petition will have a deleterious effect on his relationship with his sons (see generally Eberhardt, 83 A.D.3d at 123–124, 920 N.Y.S.2d 216 ). Although petitioner contends that the sons desire the name change, that contention is based on hearsay, and respondent challenges that contention. Inasmuch as the court did not conduct an in camera interview with them, we cannot resolve that disputed issue on this record. In any event, the sons are now of sufficient age and maturity to express their preference for a particular surname, and they have a right to be heard (see generally id. ).
Because the record is insufficient to enable us to determine whether the requested change would substantially promote the sons' interests (see Civil Rights Law § 63 ; Swank, 216 A.D.2d at 920, 629 N.Y.S.2d 129 ), we reverse the order and remit the matter to Supreme Court for a hearing on the petition (see Matter of Altheim, 12 A.D.3d 993, 994, 784 N.Y.S.2d 910 ; Matter of John Phillip M.—P., 307 A.D.2d 318, 318–319, 762 N.Y.S.2d 808 ; Matter of Kyle Michael M., 281 A.D.2d 954, 954–955, 722 N.Y.S.2d 661 ).It is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from is unanimously reversed on the law without costs and the matter is remitted to Supreme Court, Niagara County, for further proceedings.