Opinion
No. 3:18-cv-2721-M-BN
10-17-2018
JUVENAL GUEVARA, JR. (TDCJ No. 1907012), Plaintiff, v. SKY VIEW UNIT, ET AL., Defendants.
FINDINGS , CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATION OF THE UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE
This pro se civil rights action filed by a Texas prisoner has been referred to the undersigned United States magistrate judge for pretrial management under 28 U.S.C. § 636(b) and a standing order of reference from Chief Judge Barbara M. G. Lynn. The undersigned enters these findings of fact, conclusions of law, and recommendation that the Court should summarily dismiss this action without prejudice under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g) unless, within the time for filing objections to this recommendation or by some other deadline established by the Court, Plaintiff Juvenal Guevara, Jr. pays the full filing fee of $400.00.
Applicable Background
Guevara brings this action against the prison units at which he is (or has been) incarcerated because those units have allowed "people to use there soul bodys to drug & kill" him. Dkt. No. 2 at 3 (no alteration to original). Such people have included - Guevara claims - John Travolta, Kim Kardashian, Jennifer Lopez, and Daisy Fuentes. See id.
These allegations are similar to those made in another recent action Guevara filed that was dismissed by another judge of this Court. See Guevara v. No Last Name, No. 3:18-cv-2389-B-BK, Dkt. No. 5 at 3 (N.D. Tex. Sept. 9, 2018) ("As in his previous cases, Guevara complains that he is in imminent danger because TDCJ officers, Patricia Valdez, and various celebrities such as Jennifer Lopez and Kim Kardashian are trying to kill him and rape him with their 'soul bod[ies]' and are contaminating his food." (citation omitted)), rec. accepted, Dkt. No. 7 (N.D. Tex. Oct. 9, 2018).
And, in that case, the court also recounted Guevara's abusive litigation history:
Guevara has accrued three strikes under section 1915(g). Before this lawsuit was filed, district courts in Texas dismissed as frivolous under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e) four non-habeas, civil actions that Guevara filed while confined as an inmate. See Guevara v. Valdez, et al., 1:17-CV-924 (W.D. Tex. Sep. 27, 2017) (dismissing as frivolous); Guevara v. Patricia Valdez, No. 3:16-CV-2602-G-BN, 2017 WL 401243 (N.D. Tex. Jan. 9, 2017), R. & R. accepted, 2017 WL 401243 (N.D. Tex. Jan. 30, 2017) (dismissing with prejudice under section 1915(e)); Guevara v. Patricia Valdez, 4:16-CV-3264 (S.D. Tex. Jan. 23, 2017) (dismissing as frivolous); Guevara v. Resendez, 1:16-CV-86 (W.D. Tex. February 29, 2016) (same). One court also held previously that Guevara is barred from filing civil lawsuits by the PLRA three-strikes provision. See Guevara v. Patricia Valdez, et al., No. 6:18-CV-17 (W.D. Tex., Waco Div., Jan. 23, 2018).Guevara, No. 3:18-cv-2389-B-BK, Dkt. No. 5 at 2.
Legal Standards and Analysis
A prisoner may not proceed in forma pauperis if, while incarcerated or detained in any facility, he or she has filed three or more civil actions or appeals in federal court that were dismissed as frivolous or malicious or for failure to state a claim. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g).
The only exception to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g)'s "three strikes" bar is when the prisoner is "under imminent danger of serious physical injury." Id. But, in order to meet the "imminent danger" requirement of Section 1915(g), "the 'threat or prison condition [must be] real and proximate.'" Valdez v. Bush, No. 3:08-cv-1481-N, 2008 WL 4710808, at *1 (N.D. Tex. Oct. 24, 2008) (quoting Ciarpaglini v. Saini, 352 F.3d 328, 330 (7th Cir. 2003)). "Allegations of past harm do not suffice - the harm must be imminent or occurring at the time the complaint is filed." Id.; see also McGrew v. La. State Penitentiary Mental Health Dep't, 459 F. App'x 370, 370 (5th Cir. 2012) (per curiam) ("The determination whether a prisoner is under 'imminent danger' must be made at the time the prisoner seeks to file his suit in district court, when he files his notice of appeal, or when he moves for IFP status." (citing Baños v. O'Guin, 144 F.3d 883, 884-85 (5th Cir. 1998))).
"Moreover, the prisoner must allege specific facts showing that he is under imminent danger of serious physical injury." Valdez, 2008 WL 4710808, at *1. "General allegations that are not grounded in specific facts which indicate that serious physical injury is imminent are not sufficient to invoke the exception to § 1915(g)." Id. (quoting Niebla v. Walton Corr. Inst., No. 3:06-cv-275-LAC-EMT, 2006 WL 2051307, at *2 (N.D. Fla. July 20, 2006)); see Martin v. Shelton, 319 F.3d 1048, 1050 (8th Cir. 2003) (a "general assertion is insufficient to invoke the exception to § 1915(g) absent specific fact allegations of ongoing serious physical injury, or of a pattern of misconduct evidencing the likelihood of imminent serious physical injury"); see also Stone v. Jones, 459 F. App'x 442, 2012 WL 278658, at *1 (5th Cir. Jan. 31, 2012) (per curiam) (noting that use of "the past tense when describing" symptoms is not sufficient to allege imminent danger and that such an allegation based on inadequate medical care should be corroborated by medical records or grievances); Stine v. Fed. Bureau of Prisons Designation & Sentence Computation Unit, No. 3:13-cv-4253-B, 2013 WL 6640391, at *2 (N.D. Tex. Dec. 17, 2013) (citing Emmett v. Julye, No. H-13-2693, 2013 WL 5537251, at *2 (S.D. Tex. Oct. 4, 2013) (in turn citing Pettus v. Morgenthau, 554 F.3d 293, 297-98 (2d Cir. 2009) ("the complaint of a three-strikes litigant must reveal a nexus between the imminent danger it alleges and the claims it asserts, in order for the litigant to qualify for the 'imminent danger' exception of § 1915(g)"))), aff'd, 571 F. App'x 352, 354 (5th Cir. 2014) (per curiam).
Guevara's current filing undoubtedly falls under the three-strikes provision. As such, under Section 1915(g), he may not proceed without the prepayment of fees unless he shows that he is subject to imminent danger of serious physical injury. But the complaint lacks substantive factual allegations - that are also not fanciful, fantastic, or delusional - to show that he currently is in imminent danger of serious physical injury as to overcome Section 1915(g).
The Court should therefore bar Guevara from proceeding in forma pauperis. See Adepegba v. Hammons, 103 F.3d 383, 388 (5th Cir. 1996).
Recommendation
The Court should summarily dismiss this action without prejudice under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g) unless, within the time for filing objections to this recommendation or by some other deadline established by the Court, Plaintiff Juvenal Guevara, Jr. pays the full filing fee of $400.00.
A copy of these findings, conclusions, and recommendation shall be served on all parties in the manner provided by law. Any party who objects to any part of these findings, conclusions, and recommendation must file specific written objections within 14 days after being served with a copy. See 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1); FED. R. CIV. P. 72(b). In order to be specific, an objection must identify the specific finding or recommendation to which objection is made, state the basis for the objection, and specify the place in the magistrate judge's findings, conclusions, and recommendation where the disputed determination is found. An objection that merely incorporates by reference or refers to the briefing before the magistrate judge is not specific. Failure to file specific written objections will bar the aggrieved party from appealing the factual findings and legal conclusions of the magistrate judge that are accepted or adopted by the district court, except upon grounds of plain error. See Douglass v. United Servs. Auto. Ass'n, 79 F.3d 1415, 1417 (5th Cir. 1996).
DATED: October 17, 2018
/s/_________
DAVID L. HORAN
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE