Opinion
2001-08624, 2002-01153, 2002-01168
Argued February 25, 2003.
March 17, 2003.
In an action for a divorce and ancillary relief, the defendant appeals (1) from a decision of the Supreme Court, Westchester County (Dillon, J.), entered August 28, 2001, made after a nonjury trial, (2) from an order of the same court, entered December 18, 2001, which denied her application for an attorney's fee, and (3), as limited by her brief, from so much of a judgment of the same court, dated December 18, 2001, as, upon stated portions of the decision and upon the order, granted the plaintiff a divorce on the ground of cruel and inhuman treatment, awarded custody of the parties' child to the plaintiff, awarded her maintenance in the sum of only $800 per month for a period of only 12 months, denied her equitable distribution of certain property, and failed to award her an attorney's fee.
Seligman Seligman, Kingston, N.Y. (Delice Seligman of counsel), for appellant.
Berman Bavero Frucco Gouz, P.C., White Plains, N.Y. (Howard Leitner of counsel), for respondent.
Joshua D. Siegel, Hartsdale, N.Y., Law Guardian for the child.
Before: DAVID S. RITTER, J.P., FRED T. SANTUCCI, NANCY E. SMITH, DANIEL F. LUCIANO, JJ.
DECISION ORDER
ORDERED that the appeals from the decision and the order are dismissed; and it is further,
ORDERED that the judgment is affirmed insofar as appealed from; and it is further,
ORDERED that one bill of costs is awarded to the plaintiff.
The appeal from the decision must be dismissed, as no appeal lies from a decision (see Schicchi v. Green Constr. Corp., 100 A.D.2d 509). The appeal from the order must be dismissed because the right of direct appeal therefrom terminated with the entry of judgment in the action (see Matter of Aho, 39 N.Y.2d 241, 248). The issues raised on appeal from the order are brought up for review and have been considered on the appeal from the judgment (see CPLR 5501[a][1]).
Contrary to the defendant's contention, the record supports the determination of the trial court that awarding custody of the parties' child to the plaintiff was in the child's best interest (see Eschbach v. Eschbach, 56 N.Y.2d 167, 171). The evidence at trial established that the plaintiff, who has had temporary custody of the child, is the parent who would offer the child the best opportunity to separate, individuate, and grow into her own person (see Barbato v. Barbato, 264 A.D.2d 792). The trial court's determination is further supported by the opinions of the court-appointed forensic psychologist and the Law Guardian (see Young v. Young, 212 A.D.2d 114), as well as by evidence that the child has thrived in the plaintiff's temporary custody (see Coakley v. Goins, 240 A.D.2d 573), and evidence that the plaintiff is the parent who is more likely to ensure meaningful contact between the child and the noncustodial parent (see O'Connor v. O'Connor, 146 A.D.2d 909, 910; Lohmiller v. Lohmiller, 140 A.D.2d 497, 498).
Also contrary to the defendant's contention, the plaintiff established a prima facie case for a divorce on the ground of cruel and inhuman treatment (see Domestic Relations Law § 170; Whaley v. Whaley, 277 A.D.2d 1025; Soto v. Soto, 216 A.D.2d 455).
The defendant's contention that the plaintiff's home in Scarsdale, in which they lived during their relatively short four-month marriage, is marital property, is without merit. The residence was purchased by the plaintiff before the marriage and none of the defendant's money went towards purchasing the home. The mortgage was in the plaintiff's name only and all carrying charges and utilities were paid solely by the plaintiff, with his own separate property. Accordingly, the trial court properly held that the subject residence was the plaintiff's separate property, and therefore, not subject to equitable distribution (see Domestic Relations Law § 236[B][1][d][1]; Markopoulos v. Markopoulos, 274 A.D.2d 457). Contrary to the defendant's contention, the record does not support her claim that she contributed sufficient labor to the construction of the home such that it should be considered marital property (cf. Matwijczuk v. Matwijczuk, 261 A.D.2d 784). Nor does the record support any award to the defendant on the theory that she contributed to an appreciation in value of the subject house (see Nowik v. Nowik, 228 A.D.2d 421).
The defendant also takes issue with her maintenance award of $800 per month, to terminate after 12 months, or sooner if she remarries. Considering the brevity of the parties' marriage and their relatively young age, as well as the defendant's master's degree in computer science, her good health, and her employment in the computer software field earning an annual income of approximately $45,000, the maintenance award was a provident exercise of the trial court's discretion (see Domestic Relations Law § 236[B][6][a]; Greenfield v. Greenfield, 234 A.D.2d 60).
The denial of the defendant's application for an attorney's fee was a provident exercise of discretion, taking into consideration, inter alia, the relative merit of the parties' positions and actions during the litigation (see DeCabrera v. Cabrera-Rosete, 70 N.Y.2d 879, 881; Walker v. Walker, 255 A.D.2d 375; Tayar v. Tayar, 250 A.D.2d 757), and the failure of the defendant's attorney to substantially comply with 22 NYCRR 1400.3 (see Mulcahy v. Mulcahy, 285 A.D.2d 587).
The defendant's remaining contentions are without merit.
RITTER, J.P., SANTUCCI, SMITH and LUCIANO, JJ., concur.