Opinion
2014-10-23
Kathleen GILLIS et al., Appellants, v. HERZOG SUPPLY COMPANY, INC., et al., Respondents.
Mainetti, Mainetti & O'Connor, P.C., Kingston (Kevin C. Harp of counsel), for appellants. Office of Theresa J. Puleo, Albany (Murry S. Brower of counsel), for respondents.
Mainetti, Mainetti & O'Connor, P.C., Kingston (Kevin C. Harp of counsel), for appellants. Office of Theresa J. Puleo, Albany (Murry S. Brower of counsel), for respondents.
Before: LAHTINEN, J.P., ROSE, EGAN JR., LYNCH and CLARK, JJ.
LYNCH, J.
Appeal from an order of the Supreme Court (Melkonian, J.), entered December 26, 2012 in Ulster County, which granted defendants' motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint.
Plaintiff Kathleen Gillis (hereinafter plaintiff) and her husband, derivatively, commenced this action to recover for injuries sustained when plaintiff fell as she stepped across a curb that separated a parking lot from the entrance to a store operated by defendant Walgreen Company. Alleging that the curb was defective because it had “irregular fracturing, chipping, erosion, surface wear [and] sinking,” plaintiffs commenced this action against Walgreen and defendant Herzog Supply Company, Inc., the property owner. Supreme Court granted defendants' motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint, and, on plaintiffs' appeal, we affirm.
Generally, whether a condition is dangerous or merely a nonactionable, trivial defect is a factual question for a jury to resolve ( see Alig v. Parkway Parking of N.Y., Inc., 36 A.D.3d 980, 982, 829 N.Y.S.2d 242 [2007]; Lamarre v. Rensselaer County Plaza Assoc., 303 A.D.2d 914, 914–915, 758 N.Y.S.2d 182 [2003] ). An owner will not be liable, however, for “ ‘negligent maintenance by reason of trivial defects on a walkway, not constituting a trap or nuisance,’ ” which may cause “ ‘a pedestrian [to] merely stumble, stub his [or her] toes, or trip over a raised projection’ ” (Hardsog v. Price Chopper Operating Co., Inc., 99 A.D.3d 1130, 1131, 952 N.Y.S.2d 802 [2012], quoting Liebl v. Metropolitan Jockey Club, 10 A.D.2d 1006, 1006, 204 N.Y.S.2d 670 [1960]; accord Smith v. Wilerdam Prop., Inc., 50 A.D.3d 1349, 1349, 857 N.Y.S.2d 742 [2008] ). Accordingly, it is sometimes appropriate, after “consideration of such relevant factors as the dimensions of the alleged defect ..., including [its] width, depth, elevation, irregularity, and appearance ... [,] as well as the time, place, and circumstances of the injury” (Castle v. Six Flags, Inc., 81 A.D.3d 1137, 1137–1138, 917 N.Y.S.2d 386 [2011] [internal quotation marks and citations omitted] ) to conclude as a matter of law that a defect is too trivial to be actionable ( see Trincere v. County of Suffolk, 90 N.Y.2d 976, 977, 665 N.Y.S.2d 615, 688 N.E.2d 489 [1997]; Trionfero v. Vanderhorn, 6 A.D.3d 903, 903, 774 N.Y.S.2d 612 [2004] ).
Here, defendants' submissions before Supreme Court included an affidavit by the property owner's maintenance supervisor, the transcript of his examination before trial and photographs of the accident location. The supervisor explained that the store entryway was separated from the black asphalt parking lot by a raised, red concrete slab. The photographs show that the slab is tapered downward toward the asphalt as a handicapped access ramp. Shortly after learning of plaintiff's fall, the supervisor discovered a chip of concrete missing from the slab's curb adjacent to the asphalt. The chip measured 5 1/2 inches wide and one-half inch deep from its deepest point, tapering to the flat face of slab. When asked, he was unable to recall any prior accidents in the area or complaints about the condition of the slab.
Plaintiff testified that after she stepped from the parking lot onto the concrete slab with her left foot, her right sneaker became “ caught” in the “break” in the slab, and she fell. Later, she confirmed that her right toe struck the edge of the curb as she was trying to clear it and step her right foot onto the concrete slab. It was daylight when plaintiff fell and she confirmed at her examination before trial that there were no displays or other visual obstructions present in the entryway. Indeed, she observed and easily stepped up from the parking lot to the slab with her left foot.
Under these circumstances, and upon review of the color photographs of the defect, we conclude that defendants met their initial burden of establishing that the chip in the edge of the curb was a trivial defect ( see Hardsog v. Price Chopper Operating Co., Inc., 99 A.D.3d at 1131, 952 N.Y.S.2d 802; Castle v. Six Flags, Inc., 81 A.D.3d at 1138, 917 N.Y.S.2d 386; Etkin v. Albany Med. Ctr., 77 A.D.3d 1228, 1229, 910 N.Y.S.2d 577 [2010] ). In response to defendants' prima facie showing, plaintiffs were obligated to submit “evidence to establish that the alleged defect has the characteristics of a trap, snare or nuisance” (Alig v. Parkway Parking of N.Y., Inc., 36 A.D.3d at 982, 829 N.Y.S.2d 242 [internal quotation marks and citation omitted] ). Given the undisputed circumstances of plaintiff's fall, her attorney's affirmation, which was of no probative value, was an insufficient response to defendants' prima facie showing ( see Zuckerman v. City of New York, 49 N.Y.2d 557, 563, 427 N.Y.S.2d 595, 404 N.E.2d 718 [1980] ). Accordingly, the motion was properly granted dismissing the complaint.
ORDERED that the order is affirmed, with costs. LAHTINEN, J.P., ROSE, EGAN JR. and CLARK, JJ., concur.