Opinion
Nos. 86-2236, 86-2309.
July 26, 1991.
Jack S. Dawson and Janice M. Dansby, Miller, Dollarhide, Dawson Shaw, Oklahoma City, Okl., for plaintiff-appellee.
Linda G. Scoggins and Jeffrey H. Contreras, Spradling, Alpern, Friot Gum, Oklahoma City, Okl., for defendant-appellant Federal Nat. Mortg. Ass'n.
Carl Hughes, Michael G. McGuire, and J.W. Coyle, III, Hughes Nelson, Oklahoma City, Okl., for defendants-appellants Trinity Sav. Loan Ass'n, TSL Service Corp., and STM Mortg. Co.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma.
Before MCKAY, BARRETT and SEYMOUR, Circuit Judges.
OPINION ON REHEARING
In 1989, we affirmed judgments rendered in favor of Michael L. Doyle against Trinity Savings and Loan Association, now Bright Banc Savings Association, against TSL Service Corporation and STM Mortgage Company, both now Bright Mortgage Company, and against the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA). Doyle had sought damages and cancellation of a note and real estate mortgage because of fraudulent alternation of the note. See Doyle v. Trinity Sav. Loan Ass'n, 869 F.2d 558 (10th Cir. 1989). All parties petitioned for rehearing. In view of the grant of certiorari by the Oklahoma Supreme Court in Goss v. Trinity Sav. Loan Ass'n, No. 67,298 (Okla.Ct.App. 1988), a case on which we had directly relied, we abated this case pending the Oklahoma Supreme Court's decision in Goss. For the reasons set out below, we now deny the petition for rehearing of Trinity Savings, TSL, and STM, and we grant in part the petition of FNMA.
We grant the motion of Resolution Trust Corporation, as receiver for Bright Banc, to substitute it as defendant in place of Trinity Savings.
We grant the motion for Bright Mortgage Company, as successor by name change and merger to TSL and STM, to substitute it as real party in interest in place of TSL and STM.
Trinity Savings, TSL, and STM filed a joint petition for rehearing contending that we had incorrectly held the alternation of the note to be material. In Goss v. Trinity Sav. Loan Ass'n, 813 P.2d 492, 62 Okla. Bar J. 790, 792 (Okla.S.Ct. 1991), the Oklahoma Supreme Court settled this issue by declaring an analogous note alternation to be material as a matter of law. We therefore deny the petition for rehearing of these defendants.
FNMA filed a petition for rehearing generally condemning our reliance on the Oklahoma Court of Appeals decision in Goss. The recent Oklahoma Supreme Court decision in Goss reversed the appeals court conclusion that the variable interest rate in the note rendered the note nonnegotiable. See Goss, 813 P.2d at 499, 62 Okla. Bar J. at 793-95. Because the note in Goss was declared negotiable under Oklahoma law, FNMA would be a holder in due course, entitled to enforce the note despite the unauthorized alternation of the note, if it could establish that it took the note without notice of the defect. See Okla.Stat. tit. 12A, §§ 3-302(1), 3-305 (1981); see also Goss, 813 P.2d 499-500, 62 Okla. Bar J. at 793, 795-96. The court therefore remanded the case to enable the trial court to determine whether FNMA lacked notice of the unauthorized alteration.
Goss controls our opinion on rehearing. We thus hold that the variable interest rate note in our case was negotiable. We decline Doyle's invitation to further hold that FNMA had notice of the alteration as a matter of law, and we remand for the trial court to make that determination in accordance with the opinion in Goss, 813 P.2d at 500-01, 62 Okla. Bar J. at 796, as amended on rehearing, 62 Okla. Bar J. 1779 (Okla.S.Ct. 1991).