Opinion
520940.
05-19-2016
In the Matter of the Claim of Michele L. CORRENTE, Respondent. Select Medical Corporation, Inc., Also Known as Select Employment Services, Inc., Appellant. Commissioner of Labor, Respondent.
Clifton Budd & DeMaria, LLP, New York City (Daniel C. Moreland of counsel), for appellant. Michelle I. Rosien, Philmont, for Michele L. Corrente, respondent.
Clifton Budd & DeMaria, LLP, New York City (Daniel C. Moreland of counsel), for appellant.
Michelle I. Rosien, Philmont, for Michele L. Corrente, respondent.
Before: McCARTHY, J.P., GARRY, EGAN JR., DEVINE and AARONS, JJ.
Opinion
DEVINE, J. Appeals (1) from two decisions of the Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board, filed July 22, 2014, which ruled, among other things, that Select Medical Corporation, Inc. was liable for unemployment insurance contributions on remuneration paid to claimant and others similarly situated, and (2) from two decisions of said Board, filed October 7, 2014, which denied a request by Select Medical Corporation, Inc. for reconsideration and/or reopening.
As set out more fully in our decision in Matter of Clarke (Select Medical Corp.-Commissioner of Labor) , 139 A.D.3d 1285, 31 N.Y.S.3d 684 (decided herewith), Metro Therapy, Inc., a subsidiary of Select Medical Corporation, Inc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as the agency), contracts with county health departments and school districts to provide supplemental educational services to children. Claimant, a licensed speech therapist, signed an independent contractor agreement with the agency. The agency billed its clients for claimant's work using reports and forms prepared by her, and claimant was paid pursuant to a fee schedule that was subject to negotiation. Claimant applied for unemployment insurance benefits in 2010 and, following hearings, the Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board concluded that claimant and others similarly situated are employees of the agency and that the agency is liable for additional unemployment insurance contributions. The agency's subsequent request for reconsideration and/or reopening was denied by the Board. The agency now appeals from these decisions.
“Whether an employer-employee relationship exists is a factual determination for the Board, and its decision will be upheld if supported by substantial evidence” (Matter of John Lack Assoc., LLC [Commissioner of Labor], 112 A.D.3d 1042, 1043, 977 N.Y.S.2d 760 [2013] [citations omitted]; see Matter of Empire Towing & Recovery Assn., Inc. [Commissioner of Labor], 15 N.Y.3d 433, 437, 912 N.Y.S.2d 551, 938 N.E.2d 984 [2010] ; Matter of Salamanca Nursing Home [Roberts], 68 N.Y.2d 901, 903, 508 N.Y.S.2d 939, 501 N.E.2d 588 [1986] ). Where, as here, “the details of the work performed are difficult to control because of considerations such as professional responsibilities, courts have applied the overall control test, which requires that the employer exercise control over important aspects of the services performed” (Matter of Wright [Mid Is. Therapy Assoc. LLC–Commissioner of Labor], 134 A.D.3d 1216, 1217, 20 N.Y.S.3d 252 [2015] [internal quotation marks and citation omitted]; see Matter of Empire State Towing & Recovery Assn., Inc. [Commissioner of Labor], 15 N.Y.3d at 437–438, 912 N.Y.S.2d 551, 938 N.E.2d 984 ).
The record here lacks substantial evidence that the agency exercised overall control of important aspects of claimant's therapy services, the policies and procedures for which are dictated by statutes and regulations governing the provision of supplemental educational and related services see Matter of Clarke [Select Medical Corp. Inc.-Commissioner of Labor], supra . As in Matter of Wright (Mid Is. Therapy Assoc. LLC–Commissioner of Labor ), 134 A.D.3d at 1217–1218, 20 N.Y.S.3d 252, claimant was free to reject referrals or to discontinue services for a child, established her own schedule for providing therapy services, conducted therapy in the child's home, daycare or school, and provided services pursuant to lesson plans that she devised without input from the agency. Claimant paid her own expenses and professional liability insurance, obtained all necessary licensing and certifications, did not receive any benefits, was allowed to provide services to others provided that they are not agency clients, and was not provided equipment or training by the agency. The various reports, letters to parents and billing forms supplied on the agency's website for providers' use, and submitted by claimant through the agency's website, were required by the clients and state agencies that regulated their content (see id. at 1218, 20 N.Y.S.3d 252 ). The agency did review claimant's reports but, while it occasionally suggested stylistic edits before submitting them on agency letterhead to clients, no evidence was submitted that the agency made any substantive changes to them. The agency further conducted an annual review of claimant and sometimes offered feedback, but such was required by the clients as part of their mandated program review.
The bulk of the practices, policies and procedures suggestive of the agency's control over claimant were primarily mandated by law, in other words, and such is insufficient to establish an employment relationship by itself (see id. at 1217, 20 N.Y.S.3d 252 ; Matter of Cohen [Just Energy Mktg. Corp.-Commissioner of Labor], 117 A.D.3d 1112, 1112–1113, 985 N.Y.S.2d 190 [2014], lv. dismissed 24 N.Y.3d 928, 993 N.Y.S.2d 539, 17 N.E.3d 1136 [2014] ; Matter of Choto v. Consolidated Lbr. Transp., Inc., 82 A.D.3d 1369, 1369–1370, 918 N.Y.S.2d 268 [2011] ). The record reflects a degree of incidental control by the agency over claimant, at best, and substantial evidence is therefore lacking to establish that the agency exercised overall control over any important aspect of claimant's speech therapy services so as to establish an employer-employee relationship (see Matter of Wright [Mid Is. Therapy Assoc. LLC–Commissioner of Labor], 134 A.D.3d at 1217–1218, 20 N.Y.S.3d 252 ; Matter of Jean–Pierre [Queens Perioperative Med. Assoc. PLLC–Commissioner of Labor], 119 A.D.3d 1206, 1207–1208, 989 N.Y.S.2d 195 [2014] ; cf. Matter of Harold [Leonard's Transp.-Commissioner of Labor], 133 A.D.3d 1069, 1070–1071, 19 N.Y.S.3d 149 [2015], lv. dismissed 26 N.Y.3d 1136, 27 N.Y.S.3d 498, 47 N.E.3d 778 [2016] ).
The agency's remaining contentions are academic in light of the foregoing.
ORDERED that the decisions filed July 22, 2014 are reversed, without costs, and matter remitted to the Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board for further proceedings not inconsistent with this Court's decision.
ORDERED that the decisions filed October 7, 2014 are affirmed, without costs.
McCARTHY, J.P., GARRY, EGAN JR. and AARONS, JJ., concur.