Opinion
526826
12-26-2019
In the Matter of CARRIE ZZ., Appellant, v. AARON YY., Respondent.
Rural Law Center of New York, Castleton (Keith F. Schockmel of counsel), for appellant. Christopher Hammond, Cooperstown, for respondent. Lisa K. Miller, McGraw, attorney for the child.
Rural Law Center of New York, Castleton (Keith F. Schockmel of counsel), for appellant.
Christopher Hammond, Cooperstown, for respondent.
Lisa K. Miller, McGraw, attorney for the child.
Before: Mulvey, J.P., Devine, Aarons and Pritzker, JJ.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
Devine, J. Appeal from an order of the Family Court of Cortland County (Campbell, J.), entered May 31, 2018, which partially dismissed petitioner's application, in a proceeding pursuant to Family Ct Act article 6, to modify a prior order of custody and visitation.
Petitioner (hereinafter the mother) and respondent (hereinafter the father) are the parents of the subject child (born in 2013). The mother's substance abuse and legal troubles resulted in a December 2016 order, entered upon consent, that awarded the father sole custody and physical placement of the child and granted the mother periods of visitation to be supervised by either of the mother's parents. The parties thereafter filed several petitions, the only one of which relevant here is the mother's July 2017 amended petition to modify the December 2016 order. Family Court conducted a fact-finding hearing and then issued an amended decision finding, among other things, that the custodial arrangement should be modified to expand the mother's parenting time and allow some of it to be unsupervised. The mother appeals from the ensuing order of custody and visitation.
To the extent that the mother's notice of appeal can be read as seeking review of the underlying decision and amended decision, as well as the order itself, we note that the decisions are not appealable (see CPLR 5512[a] ; Family Ct Act § 1112[a] ; Matter of Kristen II. v. Benjamin JJ., 169 A.D.3d 1176, 1177 n., 94 N.Y.S.3d 664 [2019] ).
We affirm. It is well settled that "[a] party seeking modification of a prior order of custody must demonstrate first, that there has been a change in circumstances since the prior order and, then, if such a change occurred, that the best interests of the child would be served by a modification of that order" ( Matter of Richard GG. v. M. Carolyn GG., 169 A.D.3d 1169, 1170, 94 N.Y.S.3d 644 [2019] [internal quotation marks and citations omitted]; see Matter of Thomas KK. v. Anne JJ., 176 A.D.3d 1354, 1355, ––– N.Y.S.3d –––– [2019] ). As provided for in the December 2016 order, the mother's substantial compliance with drug treatment for more than six months constituted a change in circumstances. Family Court accordingly proceeded to conduct a best interests analysis, which involves the consideration of factors such as the past performance and relative fitness of the parents, their willingness to foster a positive relationship between the child and the other parent, their fidelity to prior court orders and their ability to both provide a stable home environment and further the child's overall well-being (see Matter of Kanya J. v. Christopher K., 175 A.D.3d 760, 762, 108 N.Y.S.3d 474 [2019], lv denied ––– A.D.3d ––––, ––– N.Y.3d ––––, 2019 WL 6875467 [2019] ; Matter of Ryan XX. v. Sarah YY., 175 A.D.3d 1623, 1624–1625, 110 N.Y.S.3d 69 [2019] ; Matter of Jennifer D. v. Jeremy E., 172 A.D.3d 1556, 1557, 100 N.Y.S.3d 404 [2019] ).
Family Court noted in its best interests analysis that there appear to be no real concerns about the father's living situation or his ability to care for the child. Moreover, although the father minimizes his interactions with the mother and her family and does not countenance any deviation from the terms of the December 2016 order, his behavior does not appear to have affected the child's relationship with the mother and does not interfere with any visitation to which she is entitled (see Matter of Lewis v. VanWormer, 45 A.D.3d 1196, 1197, 846 N.Y.S.2d 715 [2007], lv denied 10 N.Y.3d 712, 861 N.Y.S.2d 272, 891 N.E.2d 307 [2008] ; see also Matter of Kashif II. v. Lataya KK., 99 A.D.3d 1075, 1077, 953 N.Y.S.2d 306 [2012] ). As for the mother, she has made impressive strides in addressing her substance abuse problem since the December 2016 order, has an appropriate living situation with her parents and has regained custody of her older daughter. Her substance abuse treatment is very much a work in progress, however, and she remains unemployed so that she can focus on her recovery. Family Court weighed these circumstances and determined that the mother should be afforded expanded visitation, some of it unsupervised, but that further changes must wait for the mother to move beyond the "early stages" of her treatment and cement her sobriety. The mother feels, with some agreement from the attorney for the child, that Family Court did not go far enough. After reviewing the proof and according deference to Family Court's assessments of credibility, we disagree and find a sound and substantial basis in the record for the court's determination (see Matter of Aree RR. v. John SS., 176 A.D.3d 1516, 1517, ––– N.Y.S.3d ––––, 2019 WL 5606717 [2019] ; cf. Matter of Gorham v. Gorham, 56 A.D.3d 985, 987–988, 868 N.Y.S.2d 343 [2008] ). Thus, it will not be disturbed.
Finally, inasmuch as the father and the attorney for the child did not appeal from Family Court's order, they are barred from seeking affirmative relief not sought by the mother (see Matter of Hoppe v. Hoppe, 165 A.D.3d 1422, 1426 n., 86 N.Y.S.3d 252 [2018], lvs denied 32 N.Y.3d 912, 913, 93 N.Y.S.3d 258, 117 N.E.3d 817 [2019] ; Matter of Durgala v. Batrony, 154 A.D.3d 1115, 1118, 62 N.Y.S.3d 594 [2017] ).
Mulvey, J.P., Aarons and Pritzker, JJ., concur. ORDERED that the order is affirmed, without costs.