Summary
stating that "[t]he equitable remedy of rescission is one of grace"
Summary of this case from Bazzi v. Sentinel Ins. Co.Opinion
Docket No. 108, Calendar No. 38,175.
Submitted January 17, 1935.
Decided April 8, 1935.
Appeal from Oakland; Doty (Frank L.), J. Submitted January 17, 1935. (Docket No. 108, Calendar No. 38,175.) Decided April 8, 1935.
Bill by William A. Browne and wife against Briggs Commercial Development Company, a Michigan corporation, for rescission of a land contract and recovery of payments. Decree for plaintiffs. Defendant appeals. Modified and remanded.
Yerkes, Goddard McClintock ( James I. McClintock and Shirley T. Johnson, of counsel), for plaintiffs.
Carl B. Grawn and Ezra W. Lockwood, for defendant.
In 1925 plaintiff Browne and three others became interested in lots 17 and 18 of a subdivision owned by defendant and being offered for sale by its agent. A salesman, Rollins, represented to plaintiff and the others that the lots contained eight acres, and the four purchasers agreed to buy them, the plat to be changed to divide the premises into four equal lots of two acres each. The plat was remade by defendant and afterward recorded. The original sales price for the two lots was apportioned equally among the four purchasers. Land contracts were made. Plaintiffs' contract covered a "pie" shaped lot described by metes and bounds and actually containing 1.2 acres.
Plaintiffs made installment payments until the fall of 1930, and were then in arrears only two or three months. In conversation with a salesman for the new selling agent of defendant, plaintiff Browne suggested sale of his lot which he said contained two acres. The salesman examined defendant's records and informed Browne the lot did not have the stated area. Plaintiffs complained to defendant, later made tender, demanded rescission and, it being refused, brought this action to rescind the contract and to recover payments made. Plaintiffs had decree.
The testimony as to the representation and its falsity is undisputed. The salesman, Rollins, was not produced.
Defendant contends the transaction was a sale in gross, not by the acre, and rescission for fraud in misrepresenting the quantity will not lie. The general principles are discussed in Koch v. Bird, 174 Mich. 594, and Detroit Lumber Co. v. Arbitter, 252 Mich. 99. The ultimate question is the bargain of the parties. The transaction did not cover a specific and designated tract of land for a lump sum and without specifications as to quantity, 66 C. J. p. 660, but was a purchase of an indivisible part of a larger quantity in which the represented area was of the essence of the purchase. In effect, the sale was not of land bounded by lines but the lines were set to bound the land purchased.
The equitable remedy of rescission is one of grace. Lapse of time and change of conditions, such as the value of real estate, militate against the remedy if another appears more just. Ordinarily shortage in area may be adequately compensated by abatement of part of the purchase price. It does not appear that plaintiffs bought the premises for a use which would be hindered or injured by the shortage here appearing; and, from the fact that shortage was not discovered for five years, it seems clear that the smaller area is not a vital defect. Under the circumstances, we think proper remedy is by abatement of the purchase price and adjustment of the account between the parties accordingly.
The decree will be set aside, with costs to plaintiffs, and the case remanded for further proceedings in accordance with this opinion and new decree.
POTTER, C.J., and NELSON SHARPE, NORTH, WIEST, BUTZEL, BUSHNELL, and EDWARD M. SHARPE, JJ., concurred.