Opinion
02-03-2017
Angela BERARDI, Plaintiff–Respondent, v. NIAGARA COUNTY, et al., Defendants, and Niagara County Sheriff James R. Voutour, Defendant–Appellant.
Gibson, Mcaskill & Crosby, LLP, Buffalo (Elizabeth M. Bergen of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant. Andrews, Bernstein, Maranto & Nicotra, LLP, Buffalo (Andrew Connelly of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Respondent.
Gibson, Mcaskill & Crosby, LLP, Buffalo (Elizabeth M. Bergen of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant.
Andrews, Bernstein, Maranto & Nicotra, LLP, Buffalo (Andrew Connelly of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Respondent.
PRESENT: CARNI, J.P., LINDLEY, DeJOSEPH, CURRAN, AND TROUTMAN, JJ.
MEMORANDUM: Plaintiff commenced this action seeking damages for injuries she allegedly sustained after being sexually assaulted and subjected to verbal sexual harassment by defendant Brian M. Meacham (Meacham) while plaintiff was incarcerated in the Niagara County Jail. Meacham was employed by defendant Eastern Niagara Hospital, Inc. (ENH) and, on the date of the incident, he was providing radiology services to inmates at the jail, including plaintiff. Defendant Niagara County contracted with defendant Armor Correctional Health Services of New York, Inc. (Armor) to provide medical services at the jail, and Armor subcontracted with ENH to provide radiology services.
Supreme Court previously granted the pre-answer motion of, inter alia, defendant Niagara County Sheriff James R. Voutour (Sheriff) to dismiss the amended complaint against him and thereafter, upon granting plaintiff's motion for leave to reargue pursuant to CPLR 2221(d)(2), reinstated the amended complaint against him. We agree with the Sheriff that the amended complaint was properly dismissed against him, and we therefore reverse the order insofar as appealed from. Plaintiff was not required to file a notice of claim or comply with General Municipal Law §§ 50–h and 50–i prior to the commencement of the action against the Sheriff (see generally Mosey v. County of Erie, 117 A.D.3d 1381, 1386, 984 N.Y.S.2d 706 ), and we thus agree with plaintiff that the Sheriff was not entitled to dismissal on that ground. We conclude, however, that the amended complaint failed to state a cause of action against the Sheriff, which was asserted as an alternative basis for dismissal. The allegations against him were based only on respondeat superior and, even assuming, arguendo, that Meacham was the Sheriff's agent, servant or employee, we conclude that the Sheriff is not liable for Meacham's alleged sexual assault of plaintiff (see generally D'Amico v. Correctional Med. Care, Inc., 120 A.D.3d 956, 959, 991 N.Y.S.2d 687 ; Hooper v. Meloni, 123 A.D.2d 511, 512, 507 N.Y.S.2d 103 ). It is well settled that a principal or employer may be vicariously liable for the tortious acts of its employees only if those acts were "committed in furtherance of the employer's business and within the scope of employment" (N.X. v. Cabrini Med. Ctr., 97 N.Y.2d 247, 251, 739 N.Y.S.2d 348, 765 N.E.2d 844 ; see Riviello v. Waldron, 47 N.Y.2d 297, 302, 418 N.Y.S.2d 300, 391 N.E.2d 1278 ) and, here, the sexual assault allegedly perpetrated by Meacham was not an act committed in furtherance of the Sheriff's business and was "a clear departure from the scope of employment" (N.X., 97 N.Y.2d at 251, 739 N.Y.S.2d 348, 765 N.E.2d 844 ; see Krioutchkova v. Gaad Realty Corp., 28 A.D.3d 427, 428, 814 N.Y.S.2d 171 ). We further conclude that the Sheriff is not liable for Meacham's alleged verbal sexual harassment of plaintiff because "the doctrine of respondeat superior, or vicarious liability based on the agency relationship, is not available in cases involving ... sex-based discrimination and its sexual harassment component" (Matter of Father Belle Community Ctr. v. New York State Div. of Human Rights, 221 A.D.2d 44, 53, 642 N.Y.S.2d 739, lv. denied 89 N.Y.2d 809, 655 N.Y.S.2d 889, 678 N.E.2d 502 ).
In light of our determination, we do not reach the Sheriff's remaining contentions.
It is hereby ORDERED that the order insofar as appealed from is unanimously reversed on the law without costs, and the amended complaint against defendant Niagara County Sheriff James R. Voutour is dismissed.