Opinion
Docket No. 51, Calendar No. 38,834.
Submitted April 9, 1936.
Decided June 11, 1936.
Appeal from Dickinson; Bell (Frank A.), J. Submitted April 9, 1936. (Docket No. 51, Calendar No. 38,834.) Decided June 11, 1936.
Case by Gilbert Bates against Joseph W. Franson for personal injuries sustained in a head-on collision between automobiles. Verdict and judgment for plaintiff. Defendant appeals. Affirmed.
C.D. Dwyer ( E.J. Dundon, of counsel), for plaintiff.
MacAllister Brown, for defendant.
On June 30, 1935, at about 1:30 a. m. a 1929 Oldsmobile coach while driven by plaintiff, its owner, in a northerly direction, collided with a 1934 Ford sedan, while driven by defendant, its owner, in a southerly direction. The collision occurred about a mile south of Channing, Michigan, on M-95, a State trunk highway whose hard packed gravel road is about 25 feet in width and without a demarcation line in the center. The night was clear and there were no obstructions on the road. The cars collided about 200 feet south of the apex of a slight slope or hill from which the road curves to the left in a southerly course. The curve is described as long and sweeping so that the momentum of a car going south would have a tendency to swerve it to the west or right side of the road, while a car going north would not be so affected. Plaintiff suffered severe injuries and recovered a judgment on verdict of $9,595 against defendant.
Defendant claims that the verdict was against the great weight of the testimony. Plaintiff's car was being driven at the rate of 35 to 40 miles per hour, defendant's at less than 40 miles per hour. Plaintiff asserts that he was traveling on his right or easterly side of the road and that he drove to the very extreme right when defendant's car bore down on him. Defendant, with equal positiveness, testified to the contrary, claiming that he drove on his right side or westerly side of the road and that the collision occurred through plaintiff's driving left of the center of the road instead of remaining on the right side. Plaintiff's two passengers corroborated his testimony, while defendant's three passengers upheld his version of the accident. Defendant contends that the testimony of plaintiff's two passengers should be discredited because they were interested in the outcome of the litigation because of claims for injuries sustained in the same collision. The record does not show that they asserted such claims. Their interest as well as a contradictory statement alleged to have been previously made by one of plaintiff's witnesses and also plaintiff's claim that two of the passengers of defendant's car were seated in the rear seat and would not have noticed how defendant was driving are all fair arguments to the jury who must judge the credibility of witnesses. If there is sufficient testimony to sustain the verdict, we may not disturb it. Defendant, however, contends that the physical facts after the accident show that he was on the right side of the road. He calls attention to testimony in regard to a rut on the west side of the road, allegedly caused by plaintiff's car, but admits that oil and broken glass from plaintiff's car were found on the east of plaintiff's side of the road. After the accident, the Oldsmobile stopped on the right side of the road facing in a northwesterly direction at about a 45-degree angle across the highway with its rear wheels on the right edge of the highway going north, while the Ford V-8 was on its right side of the highway, facing south, close to the right or west edge of the highway. Plaintiff's witnesses claim that the distance between the two cars after the collision was 25 feet, while some of defendant's witnesses estimated the distance to be from 50 to 60 feet. Witnesses for plaintiff stated they saw no such rut and others that they found none after searching for one. They all agree that both cars after the accident were incapacitated. Unfortunately, physical science does not furnish us with any satisfactory rules by which we may deduce with any certainty from physical facts after the collision just what occurred immediately prior to and during the impact. There are too many variables that must be considered, the age and condition of the cars, their horse-power, the rate at which they were being driven, the condition of the road, the way they were being steered at the time of and immediately after the impact, the distance and direction cars will move after colliding, etc. See Harding v. Blankenship, 274 Mich. 118. The present case is a good example of the unreliability of testimony of this nature, the disagreement of witnesses adding to the confusion. While it is possible, were we jurymen in the case, that we would have come to a different conclusion, we cannot say that the verdict was against the great weight of the testimony.
The record showed that immediately after the accident when plaintiff was lying unconscious in the roadway, defendant, instead of trying to give personal assistance, drove at once to the neighboring village of Channing to summon medical aid for the injured persons. The arguments of counsel were not reported, but the following colloquy took place immediately after the close of the arguments:
" Mr. MacAllister: Your honor, Mr. Dwyer, attorney for the plaintiff in this action has argued to the jury that the defendant in this case did not make any effort to render any assistance to the injured plaintiff or the guest passenger in his car, nor did any member of the Franson party offer to render any assistance, where as the record shows, that the defendant, Franson, and the witness, Erickson, left almost immediately after the collision for Channing to secure medical assistance for the injured persons.
" Mr. Dwyer: I think it is unfair, and is a sloppy statement, and I didn't say that, and I can repeat just what I said.
" The Court: I shall instruct the jury to be guided entirely by the evidence in this case, and I do not want the jury to be moved by sympathy, and I do now so instruct the jury to that effect."
In the motion for new trial, attorney for defendant elaborates on what was said and in an affidavit charges plaintiff's counsel with stating to the jury that while plaintiff and his companions lay unconscious and helpless, not one member of defendant's party did anything to ease their suffering or give them any assistance and that not "one of them attempted to render those helpless boys any assistance. There they lay in that road under the stars of that summer night and while the bells of death might have tolled at any moment, the members of Franson's party stood afar, cold, distant and aloft." Plaintiff's counsel, on the other hand, in an affidavit filed in opposition to the motion for a new trial denied that he made the remarks in the form alleged. We are relegated to the record to which the court referred in denying the motion for a new trial. We accept appellant's version of the remarks as appear in the record of the trial and as called then and there to the attention of the judge, who took the opportunity to admonish the jury to be guided entirely by the evidence and not to be moved by sympathy. A different statement of the remarks cannot be considered when they appear not in the record of the trial, but in the motion for a new trial and are disputed by appellee. Pinkerton Bros. Co. v. Bromley, 128 Mich. 236.
Defendant claims that the damages awarded were excessive, that of the $9,595 awarded, $8,700 was for past, present and future pain, suffering and disability. The record supports the court's finding, in his denial of the motion for a new trial, that there was evidence of a skull fracture causing unconsciousness for 10 days, followed by headaches which had persisted up to the time of the trial and which might continue indefinitely into the future; an enlarged elbow with 15 per cent. loss of flexibility and an injured forearm which had lost practically all power of rotation. There was also evidence of inability to work at the time of the trial and partial disability that would be permanent; that plaintiff's hearing in one ear had been permanently affected; that at the time of the trial he had headaches and dizziness which might clear up in time. The court stated that while he might have rendered a judgment for a lesser amount, he did not find the verdict to be so grossly excessive as to replace the judgment of the jury with his own. Unless we find the amount of the judgment excessive, we decline to disturb it. This is such a case.
The judgment is affirmed, with costs to plaintiff.
NORTH, C.J., and FEAD, WIEST, BUSHNELL, EDWARD M. SHARPE, and TOY, JJ., concurred. POTTER, J., took no part in this decision.