Opinion
2019-09236 Index No. 521197/17
03-22-2023
AMERICAN EMPIRE SURPLUS LINES INSURANCE COMPANY, appellant, v. ZNKO CONSTRUCTION, INC., et al., defendants, Cabgram Developer, LLC, et al., defendants-respondents; v. John Rajnauth, et al., intervenors-respondents.
Tressler LLP, New York, NY (Dominic M. Pisani of counsel), for appellant. Avanzino & Moreno, P.C., Brooklyn, NY (Marc Gertler and John K. Avanzino of counsel), for intervenor-respondent John Rajnauth. Clark & Fox, New York, NY (Dennis J. Monaco of counsel), for defendant—respondent Waterfront Plaza, LLC, and intervenor-respondent Certain Underwriters at Lloyd's, London. Chartwell Law, New York, NY (Matthew Kraus of counsel), for intervenor—respondent Mt. Hawley Insurance Company.
Tressler LLP, New York, NY (Dominic M. Pisani of counsel), for appellant.
Avanzino & Moreno, P.C., Brooklyn, NY (Marc Gertler and John K. Avanzino of counsel), for intervenor-respondent John Rajnauth.
Clark & Fox, New York, NY (Dennis J. Monaco of counsel), for defendant—respondent Waterfront Plaza, LLC, and intervenor-respondent Certain Underwriters at Lloyd's, London.
Chartwell Law, New York, NY (Matthew Kraus of counsel), for intervenor—respondent Mt. Hawley Insurance Company.
COLLEEN D. DUFFY, J.P., REINALDO E. RIVERA, DEBORAH A. DOWLING, JANICE A. TAYLOR, JJ.
DECISION & ORDER In an action, inter alia, for a judgment declaring that certain insurance policies issued by the plaintiff to the defendant ZNKO Construction, Inc., were void ab initio and that the plaintiff was entitled to rescission of those policies, the plaintiff appeals from an order of the Supreme Court, Kings County (Sylvia G. Ash, J.), dated June 12, 2019. The order denied the motion of the plaintiff and the defendant ZNKO Construction, Inc., for summary judgment declaring that the subject insurance policies were void ab initio and that the plaintiff was entitled to rescission of those policies.
ORDERED that the order is affirmed, with one bill of costs to the respondents appearing separately and filing separate briefs.
In November 2017, the plaintiff commenced the instant action, inter alia, for a judgment declaring that three commercial general liability insurance policies issued by it to the defendant ZNKO Construction, Inc. (hereinafter ZNKO), were void ab initio due to material misrepresentations made by ZNKO during the application process. Thereafter, the plaintiff and ZNKO moved for summary judgment declaring that the subject insurance policies were void ab initio and that the plaintiff was entitled to rescission of the policies. The Supreme Court denied the motion, determining, in effect, that the motion for summary judgment was "procedurally improper" due to the plaintiff's failure to join certain necessary parties. The plaintiff appeals.
The Supreme Court erred in determining, in effect, that the motion for summary judgment was "procedurally improper" due to the plaintiff's failure to join certain necessary parties (see CPLR 1001[a] ; BT Holdings, LLC v. Village of Chester, 189 A.D.3d 754, 759, 137 N.Y.S.3d 458 ; Signature Bank v. Faibish, 142 A.D.3d 1069, 37 N.Y.S.3d 624 ). Nevertheless, we affirm the order appealed from on a ground different from that relied upon by the court.
"[T]o establish its right to rescind an insurance policy, an insurer must demonstrate that the insured made a material misrepresentation. A misrepresentation is material if the insurer would not have issued the policy had it known the facts misrepresented" ( Zilkha v. Mutual Life Ins. Co. of N.Y., 287 A.D.2d 713, 714, 732 N.Y.S.2d 51 ; see Insurance Law § 3105[b][1] ; Rodriguez v. Mercury Cas. Co., 207 A.D.3d 674, 675, 170 N.Y.S.3d 501 ; Thandi v. Otsego Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 199 A.D.3d 849, 851, 157 N.Y.S.3d 516 ; Piller v. Otsego Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 164 A.D.3d 534, 535–536, 82 N.Y.S.3d 489 ; Leading Ins. Group Ins. Co., Ltd. v. Xiao Wu Chen, 150 A.D.3d 977, 978, 55 N.Y.S.3d 299 ). The issue of materiality is generally a question of fact for the jury (see Christophersen v. Allstate Ins. Co., 34 A.D.3d 515, 516, 824 N.Y.S.2d 171 ; Process Plants Corp. v. Beneficial Natl. Life Ins. Co., 53 A.D.2d 214, 216, 385 N.Y.S.2d 308 ). To establish materiality as a matter of law, the insurer must present documentation concerning its underwriting practices, such as underwriting manuals, bulletins, or rules pertaining to similar risks, which show that it would not have issued the same policy if the correct information had been disclosed in the application (see Insurance Law § 3105[c] ; Piller v. Otsego Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 164 A.D.3d at 536, 82 N.Y.S.3d 489 ; Morales v. Castlepoint Ins. Co., 125 A.D.3d 947, 948, 4 N.Y.S.3d 297 ; Parmar v. Hermitage Ins. Co., 21 A.D.3d 538, 540, 800 N.Y.S.2d 726 ). However, "[c]onclusory statements by insurance company employees, unsupported by documentary evidence, are insufficient to establish materiality as a matter of law" ( Parmar v. Hermitage Ins. Co., 21 A.D.3d at 540–541, 800 N.Y.S.2d 726 ). Further, the continued acceptance of premiums by an insurer after learning of facts which would allow for rescission of an insurance policy may constitute a waiver of, or estoppel against, the insurer's right to rescind (see 5512 OEAAJB Corp. v. Hamilton Ins. Co., 189 A.D.3d 1136, 1138, 138 N.Y.S.3d 555 ; Scalia v. Equitable Life Assur. Socy. of U.S., 251 A.D.2d 315, 315, 673 N.Y.S.2d 730 ).
Here, the plaintiff and ZNKO failed to establish their prima facie entitlement to judgment as a matter of law. Triable issues of fact exist, inter alia, as to whether the alleged misrepresentations were material, and whether the plaintiff waived its right to rescind by accepting further premiums after learning of facts which would allow for rescission (see Leading Ins. Group Ins. Co., Ltd. v. Xiao Wu Chen, 150 A.D.3d at 978, 55 N.Y.S.3d 299 ; Phoenix Life Ins. Co. v. Jacob Pinkesz, 120 A.D.3d 566, 568, 992 N.Y.S.2d 28 ). Accordingly, the motion was properly denied, without regard to the sufficiency of the opposition papers (see Winegrad v. New York Univ. Med. Ctr., 64 N.Y.2d 851, 853, 487 N.Y.S.2d 316, 476 N.E.2d 642 ).
The plaintiff's remaining contentions are without merit.
DUFFY, J.P., RIVERA, DOWLING and TAYLOR, JJ., concur.